Technical Platform Specification · v1.0 · Confidential

HYPERION‑X

A next-generation multi-rail financial payment switch engineered for sub-100 ms authorization latency at global scale — supporting ISO 8583, ISO 20022, EMV 3DS, and post-quantum cryptography from a single, formally verified platform.

50k
TPS target (v1.1)
1k–5k baseline today
<100ms
Auth latency p99 target
p99 <150ms SLO enforced
28,143
Automated CI tests
0 failures on main
46+
TLA+ formal specs
Wired to CI gate

What is Hyperion-X?

Hyperion-X is a production-grade financial payment switch designed to replace aging proprietary switch infrastructure with a modern, open-architecture platform. It routes and processes transactions across card networks (Visa, Mastercard, UnionPay), real-time rail systems (FedNow, SEPA Instant, PAPSS), and correspondent banking channels — all through a single, unified processing core.

The platform is built for financial institutions, banking-as-a-service operators, payment facilitators, and cross-border payment networks that need sub-100 ms authorization, cryptographic security to NIST standards, and verifiable compliance with PCI DSS v4.0.1, FAPI 2.0, and ISO 20022 CBPR+.

Target Markets

Issuer ProcessorsCard-issuing banks and fintech card programs
Acquiring ProcessorsMerchant acquirers and payment facilitators
Banking-as-a-ServiceAPI-first banking infrastructure providers
Central Banks & RTGSNational payment system operators
Correspondent BanksCross-border settlement and nostro management
Fintech Super-AppsMulti-product consumer platforms needing a payment core

Core Value Proposition

Unmatched Protocol Breadth

Single platform supporting ISO 8583 (10 MTI pairs), ISO 20022 (17+ message types), EMV 3DS 2.3.1.1, CBPR+, SWIFT gpi, FedNow, and SEPA Instant — no integration middleware required.

Formal Correctness

Critical protocol state machines are proven correct using TLA+ model checking — not merely tested. 46+ specifications covering saga compensation, ledger commit, idempotency, and geo-failover.

Post-Quantum Ready

ML-KEM (FIPS 203) and ML-DSA (FIPS 204) hybrid cryptography from day one. No migration required when NIST mandates deprecate RSA/ECDSA in 2030.

28,143-test CI Gate

Every commit validated against a comprehensive test suite including chaos engineering, latency regression, OpenAPI contract, and formal spec existence gates. Zero failures on main.

Why Hyperion-X

Market Context

Global payment volumes are projected to reach $3.3 trillion transactions annually by 2027. Existing payment switch vendors (ACI, FIS, Temenos, Fiserv) charge per-transaction fees of $0.001–$0.005 on top of multi-million dollar license fees. A bank processing 500M transactions per year pays $500k–$2.5M annually in switch vendor fees alone — before customization, integration, or compliance uplift costs.

~$2M
Avg. annual legacy switch vendor cost (500M txn/yr)
18–36mo
Typical legacy switch implementation timeline
6–12mo
Hyperion-X production deployment target
$0
Per-transaction licensing fees

Key Business Drivers

DriverProblem with LegacyHyperion-X Solution
ISO 20022 CBPR+ DeadlineSWIFT mandates MX migration by Nov 2025; most switches require 3-year programsNative ISO 20022 support + MT→MX automated converter; ready today
Real-Time PaymentsBolt-on RT modules with separate codebases and latency penaltiesFedNow, SEPA Inst, PAPSS natively integrated in the same routing engine
PCI DSS v4.0.1Evidence collection is manual; QSA audits take monthsAutomated evidence collectors, SAQ-D packs, and CI-gated compliance tests
Post-Quantum CryptographyNot on roadmap; vendors quote 5+ year migration programsML-KEM/ML-DSA hybrid operational; FIPS 203/204 compliant
Multi-TenancySeparate instances per tenant; 3–6x infrastructure costNative multi-tenant isolation at data layer; single cluster, multiple tenants
Embedded Finance / BaaSCard programs need separate issuer processor contractsIssuing, acquiring, loyalty, BNPL, and BaaS on a single platform
Competitive displacement opportunity: Institutions locked into legacy switch contracts expiring in 2025–2027 represent the primary sales motion. Hyperion-X can be piloted in a shadow-processing configuration against live traffic without a full cutover, reducing migration risk.

Total Cost of Ownership Comparison

Cost ComponentLegacy Switch (3yr)Hyperion-X (3yr)
License / subscription$3M–$8MNegotiated; no per-txn fees
Integration & implementation$2M–$5M$500k–$1.5M (open APIs, SDKs)
Compliance uplift$500k–$2M (manual)Automated; minimal incremental cost
Infrastructure (cloud)Vendor-hosted (opaque)Customer-controlled; horizontal scale
Feature customization$200–$500/hr vendor hoursOpen source; internal engineering

Two-Plane Architecture

Hyperion-X separates transaction processing concerns into a high-throughput data plane and a policy-aware control plane. This separation allows the data plane to be scaled and optimized independently — including replacement with a Rust hot-path for 50k TPS targets — while the control plane manages cryptography, policy, and compliance state.

Data Plane — High Throughput Path
ISO 8583 Parser
ISO 20022 Parser
Routing Engine
Authorization Core
Ingress / Egress
BIN Lookup (Trie)
Idempotency Gate
Circuit Breaker
Replay Guard
↕ Async event bus (CloudEvents / Kafka)
Control Plane — Policy & Cryptography
Key Management (HSM)
PIN Block Handler
Session Crypto
Fraud & Risk Engine
Routing Policy
Compliance Gates
Audit / SIEM
Configuration
TEE Attestation

Core Processing Components

ComponentTechnologyRole
API GatewayFastAPI + FAPI 2.0REST and SSE ingress; PAR, DPoP, JARM auth
gRPC Servicegrpcio + Protobuf v3Low-latency internal service mesh communication
Message BusKafka / CloudEventsEvent streaming, DLQ, ordered delivery guarantee
LedgerPostgreSQL + event sourcingDouble-entry accounting; tamper-evident Merkle audit
HSM LayerThales / Futurex / CloudHSM / SoftwareZMK/ZPK key hierarchy; PIN block translation
Risk EnginePython async + isolation forest MLReal-time fraud scoring; velocity rules; graph analytics
SettlementPostgreSQL + asyncioT+0 position ledger; multilateral netting; MT950 export
ObservabilityPrometheus + OTEL + SIEMDistributed tracing; CEF/Splunk export; SLA alerting

Routing Architecture

The routing engine uses constrained optimization (shortest path with SLA and cost weights) over a multi-rail graph. BIN lookup uses a trie structure for O(log n) prefix matching. Fallback and override rules are applied in priority order before a final rail selection is committed.

Least-cost routing: Each transaction evaluates available rails by a composite score of latency SLA, interchange cost, success rate (rolling 5-min), and scheme fee. The optimal rail is selected in under 1 ms.

Standards & Protocol Support

ISO 8583 — Card Transaction Messaging

MTI PairFunctionFieldsStatus
0100 / 0110Authorization request/responseDE 2, 3, 4, 7, 11, 14, 22, 35, 37, 38, 39, 41, 42, 49Live
0200 / 0210Financial transaction+ DE 54, 95, 102, 103Live
0220 / 0230Advice (acquirer-initiated)DE 39 = 00 or 10; tamper-evident journalLive
0400 / 0410Reversal request/responseOriginal data elements (DE 90)Live
0420 / 0430Reversal adviceCompensation saga integrationLive
0800 / 0810Network management (echo, logon)DE 70 function codeLive

Additional surfaces: PostBridge dialects, Zone XML field definitions, PIN block translation (ISO 9564 Formats 0/1/3/4), MAC verification (ISO 9797 Alg 3, HMAC-SHA256, AES-CMAC), private/MAC fields (DE 48, 63), and Rust parser fallback for high-throughput paths.

ISO 20022 — Real-Time & Correspondent Payments

CategoryMessagesStandards
Paymentspacs.002 pacs.003 pacs.004 pacs.007 pacs.008 pacs.009 pacs.028CBPR+, SWIFT gpi, FedNow, SEPA Inst
Initiationpain.001 pain.002 pain.007 pain.008Credit transfer, direct debit, reversal
Cash Mgmtcamt.026 camt.029 camt.052 camt.053 camt.054 camt.056Intraday liquidity, balance reporting, debit/credit notification
MigrationMT103→pacs.008, MT202→pacs.009, MT940/950→camt.053SWIFT CBPR+ Nov 2025 deadline

EMV 3DS 2.3.1.1 — Strong Customer Authentication

ACS ServerDS ClientRisk-Based Auth (RBA)Adaptive ChallengeSCA ExemptionsSDK IntegrationLiability TrackingCAVV Validation

Additional Rails & Schemes

Real-Time Rails

FedNow (US)SEPA SCT Inst (EU)PAPSS (Africa)UPI NPCI (India)

Card Networks

Visa ADVTMastercard MPEUnionPayEMVCo QR (MPM/CPM)

Correspondent Banking

SWIFT gpiCBPR+BIC DirectoryNostro/Vostro

Emerging Channels

USSDATM (Wincor/Diebold)SoftPOSCBDC Bridge

Compliance Coverage

Hyperion-X ships with built-in compliance infrastructure — not just documentation. Evidence is collected programmatically and gated in CI, so compliance posture is continuously verified rather than point-in-time asserted.

StandardScopeAutomated EvidenceStatus
PCI DSS v4.0.1SAQ-D; Req 3, 8, 10 automated gates; QSA runbooktest_pci_dss_v4_evidence.pyActive
PCI PIN Security7 requirement areas; PIN audit immutable log; HSM ceremonytest_pci_pin_evidence.pyActive
FAPI 2.0PAR, DPoP, JARM, PKCE; Open Banking routerstest_fapi2_par.py, test_fapi_gap_coverage.pyActive
EMV 3DS 2.3.1.1ACS, DS, RBA, SCA exemptions, CAVVtests/ci/emv3ds/Active
SOC 2 Type IICC, A, C, PI, P criteria; evidence collectors & report generatorstest_soc2_type2_evidence.pyActive
GDPR / DSARArt. 15/17/20 rights; right to erasure; data portabilitytest_gdpr_rights.pyActive
ISO 27001:2022All 93 Annex A controls mapped; ISMS report; SoA exporttest_iso27001_evidence.pyActive
AML / FATFSTR workflow; sanctions screening; travel rule (IVMS101)tests/ci/aml/Active
FATF Travel RuleIVMS101 v1.0; VASP-to-VASP submission; $1,000 thresholdtest_travel_rule_ivms101.pyActive
CBPR+ (SWIFT MX)pacs.008/009, camt.054 validation; UETR; deadline trackingtest_cbpr_plus_gpi.pyActive
PSD2 / Open BankingConsent lifecycle; AISP/PISP; x-jws-signature; scope enforcementtest_open_banking_psd2.pyActive
TCFD / ESGCarbon footprint per rail; TCFD report export; net-zero trajectorytest_carbon_tracking.pyActive
Continuous compliance: Every pull request runs all compliance test gates. A regression in evidence coverage fails the build — the same as a code regression. Compliance drift is caught at commit time, not at audit time.

Regulatory Reporting

BIS PSMS formatCBN RTGS reportsSTR submission (FIU)BCEAO regulatoryBoK regulatoryAML SARSanctions watchlist

Security

Post-Quantum Cryptography

Hyperion-X implements NIST-standardized post-quantum algorithms as a hybrid layer alongside classical cryptography — meaning no single cryptographic failure compromises the system.

AlgorithmNIST StandardParameter SetUse
ML-KEMFIPS 203ML-KEM-768 (default)Key encapsulation; session key exchange
ML-DSAFIPS 204ML-DSA-65 (default)Digital signatures; message authentication
Hybrid KEMX25519 + ML-KEM-768NIST recommendedTLS session establishment
AES-CMAC / HMAC-SHA256FIPS 197 / FIPS 198256-bit keysMessage authentication (ISO 8583 MAC)

HSM Architecture

A vendor-neutral HSM abstraction layer supports Thales payShield, Futurex KMES, and AWS CloudHSM through a unified interface — preventing vendor lock-in and enabling key ceremony standardization across hardware types.

ZMK/ZPK key hierarchyDouble-variant decryptionKey ceremony (2-of-3 quorum)TEE attestationKCV verificationDUKPT derivation

Transport & Network Security

TLS 1.3 onlyTLS 1.2 and below rejected at ingress
Mutual TLS (mTLS)Client certificate validation on all inter-service calls
Replay preventionCryptographic nonce store + per-message MAC (ISO9797/HMAC/AES-CMAC)
Zero-trust networkingNo implicit internal trust; all service calls authenticated
XDP/eBPF bypassKernel-bypass networking for high-throughput path (v1.1)
ZKP range proofsPrivacy-preserving balance verification without disclosure

Identity & Access

Authentication Factors

TOTP (RFC 6238)WebAuthn / FIDO2Scoped API keysFAPI 2.0 DPoPPAR

Authorization Model

RBACSpiceDB (ReBAC)Tenant isolationScope enforcementJWT claims binding

Performance Characteristics

<150ms
p99 auth latency SLO
<50ms
p99 baseline (CI gate)
5ms
p50 baseline target
1,000–5,000
TPS (Python baseline)
50,000
TPS target (Rust v1.1)
99.99%
Uptime SLO

SLO Gate Matrix (CI-enforced)

SLOThresholdMeasurementCI Failure Condition
Authorization p99< 150 ms1,000-sample rolling window> 110% of baseline p99
Authorization p95< 50 msContinuous> 15% regression from baseline
BIN lookup p99< 1 msTrie lookup profilingAny regression
Routing decision p99< 1 msConstraint solver timingAny regression
Idempotency acquire p99< 5 msRedis/PG latency> 10% regression
Settlement completion> 99.5%Per-window batch rateBelow threshold
Webhook delivery rate> 99.9%7-attempt retry trackingBelow threshold
API 5xx error rate< 0.1%Rolling 1-hour windowAbove threshold
Regression gates run on every commit. The CI baseline (tests/ci/performance/baseline.json) records p50, p95, p99 over 1,000 authorization samples. A 10% regression from baseline on any percentile fails the build before merge.

Scalability Model

Throughput scales horizontally via stateless data-plane workers behind a load balancer. The system follows M/M/m queueing theory models for capacity planning: at target utilization ≤ 70%, average queue latency contribution is under 5 ms. The v1.1 Rust hot-path replaces the Python authorization core for 10× throughput improvement at equivalent infrastructure cost.

APIs & Integration

REST API (OpenAPI 3.1)

The primary integration surface is a versioned REST API at /v1/ with full OpenAPI specification. A SHA-256-pinned hyperion-public.yaml artifact is generated on every build — contract drift from the registered spec fails CI.

# Authorization endpoint
POST /v1/authorize
Authorization: DPoP {token}
Content-Type: application/json

{
  "payment_id": "01944abc-...",
  "tenant_id": "acq-ke-001",
  "amount_cents": 5000,
  "currency": "KES",
  "card_token": "tok_..."
}

gRPC / Protobuf

A gRPC service layer provides PaymentService and AccountService over HTTP/2 for inter-service communication. Bidirectional streaming enables real-time payment event subscriptions.

PaymentService.Authorize (unary) PaymentService.Stream (server-streaming) AccountService.GetBalance (unary) AccountService.ListTransactions (server-streaming)

Webhooks

Guaranteed webhook delivery with 7-retry exponential backoff and HMAC-SHA256 signature verification. Dead-letter queue captures undeliverable events for replay. Delivery rate SLO: 99.9%.

Event Streaming

Server-Sent Events (SSE) at /v1/events/stream and Kafka topics for asynchronous event consumers. All events conform to CloudEvents v1.0 schema with typed schemas in configs/cloudevents/.

Multi-Language SDKs

LanguagePackageFeatures
Pythonsdks/python/hyperion_client/Async httpx client, typed Pydantic models, retry logic
TypeScriptsdks/typescript/src/fetch-based, TypeScript interfaces, tree-shakeable
Gosdks/go/hyperion/net/http client, typed structs, context propagation

Interactive API Playground

A built-in playground at /playground renders the OpenAPI spec with try-it-out capability using sandbox API keys — reducing integration friction for development teams.

Capability Matrix by Domain

Payment Processing

AuthorizationFinancial transactionsPre-authorizationIncremental authAdvice messagesReversal (void)Refund routingBatch paymentsScheduled future-datedSplit tenderPayment linksRecurring / MITPurchasing card (L2/L3)Cross-currency (DCC)

Card Issuing & Acquiring

Card issuance lifecycleBIN sponsorship managementCard product configurationExpiry renewal (bulk)Virtual card numbers (VCN)PIN block translationCard velocity rulesMerchant onboarding & underwritingVisa BASE II clearingMastercard IPM clearingScheme fee billingInterchange management

Fraud & Risk

Real-time ML scoring (isolation forest)Velocity rules engineGraph analytics (ring detection)Mule network detectionEntity relationship graphA/B champion/challengerOFAC/UN sanctions screeningAML STR workflowTransaction enrichmentSCA exemption logic

Identity & Onboarding

eKYC orchestrationBiometric liveness scoringDocument verificationVendor fallback (Onfido/Jumio/Persona)KYB merchant workflowTOTP MFAWebAuthn / FIDO2Scoped API key management

Financial Operations

Double-entry ledgerEvent sourcingReal-time settlement positions (T+0)Multilateral nettingMT950 exportNostro/Vostro accountsNostro reconciliationIntraday liquidity forecastAuto-sweep rulesCorrespondent banking

Emerging & Specialty

BNPL installment engineGift card / prepaid ledgerLoyalty points + tiersSubscription billing + dunningCBDC bridgeStablecoin railsDigital custodyCarbon footprint tracking (TCFD)Multi-region CRDT stateGeo-routing + failover

Competitive Differentiation Table

Capability Hyperion-X ACI / FIS Temenos Open-source (Mojaloop)
ISO 8583 + ISO 20022 native✓ BothPartialISO 20022 only
Post-quantum cryptography✓ ML-KEM/ML-DSARoadmapRoadmapNone
TLA+ formal verification✓ 46 specsNoneNoneNone
Automated compliance evidence✓ CI-gatedManualManualNone
Multi-language SDKs✓ Py/TS/GoVendor SDKLimitedJS only
Chaos engineering suite✓ 4 scenariosNoneNoneNone
gRPC service layerREST onlyREST onlyLimited
Per-transaction license fee$0$0.001–$0.005$0.001+$0
FATF Travel Rule (IVMS101)Add-onAdd-onNone
ESG / carbon reporting✓ TCFDNoneNoneNone

Deployment Models

Cloud-Native (Kubernetes)

Helm charts for all components. Horizontal pod autoscaling on the data-plane workers. SIGTERM-aware graceful drain. Prometheus metrics and Grafana dashboards included.

AWSGCPAzureAny CNCF-compliant cluster

On-Premises

Docker Compose for development; bare-metal or VM deployments supported. HSM integration requires physical or VPC-peered HSM connectivity.

DockerBare metalVMwarePrivate cloud

Multi-Region Active-Active

CRDT-based state replication across EU, US, APAC regions. Haversine geo-routing selects nearest healthy region. Failover completes in under 30 seconds with zero data loss (RPO = 0).

CRDT GCounterLWW RegisterGeo-routingFailover FSM (TLA+ verified)

Hybrid / Shadow Processing

Hyperion-X can run in shadow mode alongside an existing switch — processing a copy of live traffic to build confidence before cutover. Ideal for risk-averse migrations from legacy systems.

Zero-risk migrationTraffic mirroringParallel comparison

Infrastructure Requirements (Production Reference)

ComponentMinimumRecommended (1k TPS)High Throughput (50k TPS)
Data-plane workers2 × 4 vCPU / 8 GB4 × 8 vCPU / 16 GB16 × 32 vCPU / 64 GB (Rust)
PostgreSQL1 primary + 1 replicaPrimary + 2 replicas + PgBouncerCitus / Aurora Distributed
Redis1 node (6 GB)Cluster (3 × 8 GB)Cluster (6 × 16 GB)
Kafka3-node cluster3-node cluster + MirrorMaker6-node cluster + cross-region
HSM1 × Software HSM1 × Thales payShield 10k2 × Thales payShield 10k (HA)

Testing & Formal Verification

28,143
CI test cases
338
Test directories / modules
46+
TLA+ formal specs
0
Failures on main branch

Test Categories

CategoryCoverageFramework
Unit / integrationAll modules; real objects, no mocks (except LLM)pytest + pytest-asyncio
API contractOpenAPI spec SHA-256 pinned; drift fails buildpytest + requests
Performance regressionp50/p95/p99 vs baseline; 10% thresholdpytest-benchmark
SLO gatesAuth latency, settlement rate, webhook delivery, error ratepytest + async timing
Compliance evidencePCI DSS, PCI PIN, SOC 2, GDPR, ISO 27001, AMLpytest (all CI-gated)
Formal verificationTLA+ model checking; spec existence + syntax CI gateTLC + pytest
Chaos engineeringNetwork partition, latency injection, HSM failure, DB exhaustionpytest + monkeypatch
Certification harnessVisa ADVT, Mastercard MPE, UPI NPCI test casespytest

TLA+ Formal Specifications (Selected)

iso8583_authorization_fsm iso20022_payment_flow ledger_double_entry idempotency_protocol reconciliation_fsm saga_compensation payment_saga_fsm ekyc_verification_fsm treasury_liquidity_reservation multiregion_consensus geo_failover_fsm crdt_convergence webhook_ordered_delivery webauthn_ceremony settlement_sequence_counter
Formal proofs, not just tests: For critical state machines (authorization, saga compensation, ledger commit, multi-region failover), TLA+ model checking exhausts all reachable states and proves invariants hold — a category of assurance that no test suite can provide.

Agency Banking Platform

Hyperion-X includes a fully integrated agency banking module that enables financial institutions to extend their reach through a network of human and automated agents — merchants, shops, mobile money operators — without opening physical branches. The module handles agent lifecycle, float management, liquidity distribution, transaction limits, and regulatory reporting under a single API surface.

Why agency banking in a payment switch? In emerging markets, 60–70% of financial transactions occur through agent networks. Embedding the agent layer directly in the switch eliminates the integration seam that causes float reconciliation errors, delayed settlement, and compliance blind spots.

Agent Network Management

CapabilityDetail
Agent onboardingKYB workflow with document verification, risk scoring, and tier assignment (Tier 1–3 transaction limits)
Hierarchy modelMaster agent → Sub-agent → Outlet; float allocation flows top-down; commissions roll up
Geographic mappingAgent location registry with geofenced transaction validation; fraud rules trigger on location anomalies
Device bindingEach agent terminal bound to agent ID; transactions from unregistered devices rejected
Status managementActive / suspended / dormant states; suspension cascade to sub-agents; audit trail on every state change
Agent portalWeb dashboard: float balance, transaction history, commission statement, dispute initiation

Float & Liquidity Management

Float (e-money balance) is a liability on the institution's books. The platform manages float as a real-time sub-ledger entry within the main double-entry ledger, not as an external reconciliation batch.

Real-time float balanceSub-ledger updated at transaction commit; never stale
Float top-up channelsBank transfer, mobile money, cash deposit at branch, inter-agent transfer
Low-float alertsConfigurable threshold triggers SMS/push; prevents declined transactions at agent
Float poolingMaster agents can pool float across sub-agents; instant rebalancing
Overdraft limitsConfigurable per-agent overdraft facility with daily credit cap
Daily reconciliationEOD settlement report per agent; auto-submitted to core banking

Transaction Services via Agent Network

ServiceChannelFloat Impact
Cash deposit (cash-in)USSD, POS, agent appAgent float increases; customer account credited
Cash withdrawal (cash-out)USSD, POS, agent appAgent float decreases; customer account debited
Utility bill paymentUSSD, POSAgent float decreases; biller account credited
Airtime / data top-upUSSD, POSAgent float decreases; telco credit settled T+0
Account opening (proxy)Agent app + eKYCNo float impact; triggers KYC workflow
Loan disbursementAgent appAgent float increases (acts as distribution point)
Savings / micro-depositsUSSD, POSAgent float decreases; savings account credited
Inter-bank transfersAgent app (RTGS/RTP)Routes through switch rails; agent earns commission

Commission & Revenue Engine

Commission Schedules

Transaction-type-specific rate tables: flat fee, percentage, or tiered by volume band. Rates set at institution level, overridable per agent tier. Commission accrues to agent float in real time.

Revenue Sharing

Multi-level commission splits: institution → master agent → sub-agent → outlet. Each split is configurable in basis points. Revenue share statement generated daily per entity in the hierarchy.

Interchange Capture

For card-based agent transactions, the platform captures scheme interchange and credits the configured revenue share participants — including the institution as issuer/acquirer.

Tax Withholding

Jurisdiction-configurable withholding tax (WHT) on commissions. Withheld amounts reported separately in agent commission statements for regulatory filing.

USSD & Channel Integration

USSD session management STK push (SIM Toolkit) Agent mobile app (REST SDK) POS terminal integration QR code (MPM/CPM) WhatsApp Business API IVR (voice banking) Web portal (merchant-facing)

Regulatory & Compliance

Agency banking is regulated in every jurisdiction it operates in. The platform ships with configurable transaction limit matrices (single transaction, daily, monthly) aligned to central bank tiered KYC requirements — including CBK (Kenya), CBN (Nigeria), BCEAO (West Africa), BoE, and RBI (India) frameworks. Limits auto-enforce at the transaction gate; no application-layer checks required.
Tiered KYC limits (T1/T2/T3) AML watchlist screening Daily / monthly caps per agent tier Central bank regulatory reports Agent activity audit trail Suspicious transaction flagging Geographic restriction rules

POS & Terminal Management

Hyperion-X manages the full lifecycle of POS terminal estates — from provisioning and key injection to transaction processing, settlement, and dispute initiation. The platform supports hardware POS (Ingenico, Verifone, PAX, Nexgo), SoftPOS (tap-on-phone), and browser-based virtual terminals, all routing through the same authorization core.

Terminal Lifecycle Management

Lifecycle StageCapability
ProvisioningRemote TMS provisioning via ISO 8583 MTI 0800 network management or REST; terminal parameters pushed over-the-air (OTA)
Key injectionDUKPT key injection per terminal; ZMK/ZPK hierarchy from HSM; initial MAC/PIN keys delivered over TLS
Terminal registrationTerminal ID (TID) + merchant ID (MID) binding; scheme acquirer registration (Visa/MC/UnionPay)
Firmware managementOTA firmware and application updates; staged rollout; rollback on failure
Health monitoringHeartbeat (MTI 0800/0810); last-seen timestamp; alert on offline > configurable threshold
DecommissioningRemote key erasure; scheme deregistration; terminal status archived

EMV Card Acceptance

Contact EMV

Full EMV chip flow: card authentication, cardholder verification (PIN / signature / no-CVM), transaction authorization. Application Selection (PSE / direct AID), offline data authentication (SDA/DDA/CDA), online authorization with ARQC/ARPC.

Visa Credit/DebitMastercardUnionPayAmexJCB

Contactless (NFC)

ISO 14443 / ISO 18092 contactless kernel: Visa Contactless (qVSDC), Mastercard PayPass/Contactless, AMEX ExpressPay, eftpos (Australia). CVM limit enforcement; floor limit offline approvals; consumer device cardholder verification (CDCVM).

NFC tapMobile walletsWearablesQR fallback

Magnetic Stripe (Legacy)

Track 2 magnetic stripe fallback path for non-EMV cards. Fraud controls applied: MSR-only transactions subject to enhanced velocity checks, reduced floor limits, and mandatory online authorization.

SoftPOS (Tap-on-Phone)

NFC-based card acceptance on Android devices without dedicated hardware. PCI CPoC (Contactless Payments on COTS) compliant. Secure element attestation via TEE; PIN on glass for amounts above CVM limit.

PIN Processing & Security

PCI PTS compliance: The platform enforces PIN handling only through PCI PTS-approved terminal hardware and HSM-mediated PIN block translation. Clear PINs never traverse application memory. All PIN operations are logged in the immutable PCI PIN audit trail.
ISO 9564 PIN block (Formats 0/1/3/4) DUKPT key derivation per swipe Online PIN verification (via HSM) Offline PIN (EMV enciphered/plaintext) PIN change at terminal PIN-on-glass (SoftPOS) PCI P2PE (point-to-point encryption)

Offline & Intermittent Connectivity

Terminals in low-connectivity environments (rural agency banking, aircraft, remote retail) operate in offline authorization mode. The platform manages the associated risk through a configurable offline approval matrix.

ParameterDefaultConfigurable?
Offline floor limitScheme-defined per MCCYes — per merchant, per terminal
Offline transaction count cap10 per batchYes — risk-adjusted
Offline cumulative limit$500 / KES 50,000Yes — per terminal per session
Offline advice upload windowOn reconnection (< 24h)Yes — configurable TTL before void
Exception file checkDaily push to terminalYes — frequency configurable

Merchant Management

Merchant onboardingKYB, risk scoring, MCC assignment, scheme registration
MID / TID managementHierarchical merchant → location → terminal structure
Settlement configurationPer-merchant settlement frequency, split-funding, reserve account
Discount rate billingMDR calculated and billed per settlement cycle; detailed fee statements
Chargeback managementDispute queue, representment workflow, scheme messaging (pacs.004 / ISO 8583 0420)
Merchant portalSelf-service: transaction history, settlement reports, dispute status, terminal inventory
Marketplace / sub-merchantPayment facilitator model: master MID with sub-merchant split settlement
Dynamic currency conversionDCC rate display at terminal; cardholder choice; margin captured

Virtual Terminal & eCommerce POS

Virtual Terminal (MOTO)

Browser-based card-not-present terminal for mail-order / telephone-order merchants. Supports manual PAN entry, expiry, CVV2 verification, AVS. Transactions flagged as MOTO for liability and interchange purposes. SAQ B/B-IP eligible.

Hosted Payment Page

PCI-compliant hosted payment page (HPP) with customer-facing card form. Tokenization returns a card token to the merchant — merchant never handles raw PAN. EMV 3DS 2.3.1.1 SCA embedded in the checkout flow.

Payment Links

Merchants generate one-time or reusable payment links with configurable amount, expiry, and metadata. Links route through the standard checkout flow; settlement to merchant account is immediate on approval.

QR Code Payments

Merchant-Presented Mode (MPM) and Consumer-Presented Mode (CPM) QR codes per EMVCo QR specification. Interoperable with national QR schemes (UPI, JomPAY, PromptPay, etc.).

Acquiring Settlement

ProcessDetail
Batch closeTerminal-initiated or TMS-scheduled; reconciliation totals sent via ISO 8583 balance inquiry (MTI 0100 / 0110 DE 54)
Clearing file generationVisa BASE II and Mastercard IPM clearing files generated per settlement window
Interchange calculationMCC + card type + channel + CVM → interchange category → rate lookup; billed to merchant net of interchange
Funding timelineT+0 (real-time rails), T+1 (card networks standard), T+2 (configurable reserve holdback)
Multi-currency settlementSettlement in acquirer home currency with FX applied at scheme rate; DCC transactions settled in cardholder currency
Split settlementPlatform splits gross transaction proceeds to multiple beneficiaries (marketplace, platform fee, merchant) in a single settlement event

POS Scheme Certification Coverage

Visa ADVT (contact + contactless) Mastercard MPE (contact + contactless) UnionPay certification suite EMVCo Level 2 kernel compliance PCI PTS (terminal hardware) PCI P2PE (Solution listing) PCI DSS SAQ P2PE

Tokenization & Wallet Provisioning

Hyperion-X provides a dual-layer tokenization capability: a platform-native PAN vault for local token issuance, and certified integrations with Visa Token Service (VTS) and Mastercard Digital Enablement Service (MDES) for network tokens accepted globally at any scheme-enabled merchant. Tokens are opaque 16-digit values that can be used wherever a PAN is accepted, isolating raw card data from every downstream system.

PAN Vault & Platform Tokens

CapabilityDetail
Token format16-digit PAN-length token; BIN range allocated to issuer; passes Luhn check; scheme-compliant
StorageRaw PAN stored in HSM-encrypted vault; format-preserving encryption (FF3-1, NIST SP 800-38G); token↔PAN mapping never leaves secure enclave
Token scopingTokens scoped to: (a) merchant MID only, (b) merchant + channel, (c) subscription (recurring), (d) card-on-file (multi-merchant). Scope violations rejected at authorization gate
ExpiryTokens carry their own expiry independent of underlying card; renewed automatically on card re-issue without merchant disruption
De-tokenizationRestricted API endpoint; audit-logged; accessible only to HSM-authenticated callers with detokenize scope; not available on public API plane
Token suspensionInstant token suspend/resume without card cancellation; used for fraud holds, merchant disputes

Network Tokenization (VTS / MDES)

Network tokens are issued by card schemes directly and are accepted at any terminal worldwide without merchant integration changes. Hyperion-X acts as Token Requestor and manages the full provisioning and lifecycle on behalf of issuers and wallets.

SchemeServiceToken Requestor RoleCryptogram
VisaVisa Token Service (VTS)Token Requestor (TRID assigned)TAVV (Token Authentication Verification Value)
MastercardMDES (Digital Enablement Service)Token RequestorDSRP cryptogram (UCAF)
AmexAmex Token ServiceToken RequestorAEVV

Token Lifecycle State Machine

Token States
INACTIVE — provisioned, not yet activated
ACTIVE — authorized for use
SUSPENDED — temporarily blocked (fraud hold / dispute)
DEACTIVATED — permanently revoked
EXPIRED — past token expiry date
Transitions: INACTIVE→ACTIVE (wallet activation), ACTIVE↔SUSPENDED (fraud/resume), ACTIVE→DEACTIVATED (card cancel), any→EXPIRED (TTL breach)

Digital Wallet Provisioning Flows

Apple Pay

Push provisioning via Apple Wallet API. Identity & Verification (IDV) step: issuer chooses green path (automatic), yellow path (additional check), or red path (manual review). ARQC-based transaction cryptograms. Issuer-hosted activation server supported.

EMV payment tokenTAVV / DSRPSecure Element / Cloud

Google Pay

Network tokenization via VTS or MDES; cloud-based token. Device-level binding via Android Keystore. Supports both tap-to-pay (NFC) and ecommerce (DSRP) cryptogram flows.

Cloud tokenDSRP cryptogramAndroid Keystore

Samsung Pay

Token provisioning via VTS/MDES with MST (Magnetic Secure Transmission) fallback for legacy terminals. Samsung Pay server manages token cryptogram rotation on each tap.

NFC + MST fallbackVTS/MDES token

OEM / Custom Wallets

Open Token Requestor API allows any certified wallet provider to integrate provisioning and lifecycle management. Supports both VTS/MDES-brokered and platform-native token paths.

REST provisioning APIWebhook lifecycle events

Dispute & Chargeback Lifecycle

Hyperion-X manages the full dispute lifecycle from cardholder claim through scheme arbitration — automating evidence assembly, deadline tracking, and scheme message generation (ISO 8583 0420/0430 and ISO 20022 pacs.004/camt.029) so operations teams are not manually keying into scheme portals.

Dispute Workflow

Chargeback Flow
1. Cardholder claim (web / branch / IVR)
2. Issuer review & provisional credit
3. First chargeback to acquirer (scheme message)
4. Acquirer representment (+ evidence)
5. Pre-arbitration (second chargeback)
6. Arbitration (scheme rules)
7. Final ruling — issuer or acquirer liable
All deadlines enforced automatically; expired stage auto-escalates or auto-closes per scheme rules

Chargeback Reason Codes

SchemeCategoryKey Reason CodesDeadline (First CB)
VisaFraud10.1 EMV Liability Shift, 10.2 CNP Fraud, 10.3 Other Fraud120 days from transaction
VisaAuthorization11.1 Card Recovery Bulletin, 11.2 Declined Authorization, 11.3 No Authorization75 days
VisaProcessing Errors12.1–12.7 (incorrect amount, late presentment, duplicate, etc.)120 days
VisaConsumer Disputes13.1 Merchandise Not Received, 13.2 Cancelled Recurring, 13.3 Not as Described120 days
MastercardFraud4837 No Cardholder Authorization, 4849 Questionable Merchant Activity, 4863 Cardholder Not Recognize120 days
MastercardAuthorization4808 Required Authorization Not Obtained, 4834 Duplicate Processing90 days
MastercardPoint of Interaction4853 Cardholder Dispute, 4855 Non-Receipt of Merchandise, 4860 Credit Not Processed120 days
UnionPayAll categoriesUP-specific codes; 60-day first CB window60 days

Automated Evidence Assembly

Transaction receipt retrievalAuto-fetches original authorization record, EMV data, cryptograms from ledger
3DS authentication proofCAVV, ECI, ACS transaction ID attached to representment package automatically
Delivery confirmationWebhook to merchant for digital-goods delivery proof; merchant uploads tracking info via portal
Compelling evidenceVisa CE3.0: prior undisputed transactions from same device/IP auto-matched
Deadline calendarPer-dispute calendar with T-7 / T-3 / T-0 alerts; auto-closes if no action by deadline
Scheme file generationVisa VROL / MC MATCH file submission; MC Dispute Resolution Management (DRM) API

Chargeback Prevention

ToolHow it works
Visa Order Insight (formerly Verifi)Merchant transaction detail delivered to issuer before cardholder files dispute; resolves ~40% of potential chargebacks
Mastercard Consumer ClarityDescriptor enrichment (merchant name, logo, map pin) sent to issuer; reduces unrecognized transaction disputes
Ethoca AlertsReal-time fraud alert from issuer triggers merchant refund before chargeback filed; avoids scheme fees
Refund automationConfigurable rules: if dispute reason = CNP fraud AND transaction < $X, auto-refund rather than contest

Network Architecture & Connectivity

Hyperion-X connects to card schemes, correspondent banking networks, and real-time rail systems through a layered connectivity stack. All external connections terminate at a dedicated DMZ gateway with strict egress filtering; no scheme connection traverses shared application network segments.

Scheme Connectivity Models

NetworkPrimary ConnectivityProtocolRedundancy
Visa VisaNetDedicated IP (DIP) leased line or Visa Direct IPISO 8583 over TCP; TLS 1.3 overlayPrimary + secondary VisaNet host; geographic failover
Mastercard BankNetMC IP (MCIP) over MPLS or internet VPNISO 8583 over TCP; TLS 1.3Dual BankNet endpoints; auto-switchover < 30s
SWIFTSWIFT Alliance Access (SAA) or SWIFTNet Link (SNL)ISO 20022 MX over SWIFTNet; FIN for legacy MTSAA clustering; DR SAA instance
FedNowFedLine Direct (dedicated) or FedLine CommandISO 20022 pacs.008/028 over HTTPSFedNow HA; dual Fed endpoints
SEPA Instant (RT1/TIPS)EBA Clearing RT1 or ECB TIPS APIISO 20022 pacs.008/002 over HTTPSDual clearing house connectivity
UnionPay (CUP)CUP dedicated line or internet VPNISO 8583 variant over TCPPrimary + backup CUP endpoint
Local RTPsCentral bank API (REST/HTTPS)ISO 20022 or proprietary JSONPer-scheme HA design

Network Segmentation

External Zone (DMZ)
Scheme TCP/TLS termination
SWIFT SAA gateway
Internet API ingress (WAF)
Egress proxy (allowlist-only)
↕ Stateful firewall — only established sessions + scheme protocol ports
Application Zone
Data-plane workers
Control-plane services
API gateway
Kafka cluster
↕ Private subnet — no direct internet access
Secure Zone (HSM / DB)
HSM cluster (PCI PTS)
PostgreSQL primary + replicas
Redis cluster
Secrets store (OpenBao / Vault)

Latency Budget (POS Authorization)

Hopp50p99
Terminal → acquirer host (network)5 ms25 ms
Acquirer ingress → routing decision1 ms3 ms
BIN lookup (trie)< 0.1 ms0.5 ms
Risk scoring (ML)2 ms8 ms
Idempotency acquire (Redis)1 ms4 ms
Issuer host authorization10 ms40 ms
Response routing + encoding0.5 ms2 ms
Acquirer → terminal (network)5 ms25 ms
End-to-end total~25 ms~108 ms

Disaster Recovery & BCP Connectivity

Active-active multi-regionPrimary and DR sites both carry live traffic; no cold-standby delay
Scheme connection pre-warmedDR site maintains live, signed-on scheme connections at all times
RTO / RPORTO < 30s (automated geo-failover); RPO = 0 (CRDT replication + synchronous DB commit)
Offline floor-limit fallbackIf all scheme links fail, configurable floor-limit approval mode activates; risk gate enforced

Treasury, Liquidity & FX

Hyperion-X includes a real-time treasury module that manages intraday liquidity positions, nostro/vostro funding, FX conversion, and correspondent banking settlement — all as first-class ledger operations rather than batch reconciliation jobs.

Position Management

ConceptImplementation
Settlement positionReal-time multilateral net position per currency per settlement window; updated atomically on each transaction commit
Intraday credit lineConfigurable per correspondent; credit consumed on debit transactions, restored on credit; breach triggers auto-reject or escalation
Position limitsHard limits (reject above) and soft limits (alert + require manual approval); configurable per currency, correspondent, and time window
Auto-sweepWhen position approaches low threshold, auto-sweep rule triggers a funding transfer from pre-configured nostro source; configurable amount and destination
24h intraday forecastRolling 24-hour liquidity forecast based on historical flow patterns; updated every 15 minutes; surfaced in treasury dashboard
MT950 / camt.053End-of-day statement generation in SWIFT MT950 and ISO 20022 camt.053 formats for bank reconciliation

FX & Currency Conversion

FX Rate Management

Rate feeds from configurable providers (Bloomberg, Reuters, ECB, central bank APIs). Rates applied with configurable spread per currency pair. Rates aged beyond TTL trigger fallback to last-known or transaction rejection.

Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC)

At POS: cardholder's home currency rate displayed before authorization; cardholder opts in or out. DCC margin captured as revenue. Scheme DCC rules enforced per network (Visa IOS, MC DCC regulations).

FX Hedging Positions

FX exposure tracked per currency pair in real time. Configurable hedge ratio triggers a hedge order notification when net FX exposure exceeds threshold — integrates with treasury team workflow rather than executing trades autonomously.

Cross-Border Settlement

CBPR+ pacs.008/009 used for correspondent settlement. Deducted from nostro position in real time. FX applied at confirmed rate; settlement difference posted to FX suspense account for daily reconciliation.

Nostro / Vostro Account Management

Account TypeRoleOperations Supported
NostroOur account held at a correspondent bank (theirs)Balance query, top-up, sweep, reconciliation, MT940/camt.053 import
VostroCorrespondent's account held at our bankCredit/debit on their behalf, statement generation, interest accrual
Mirror ledgerInternal shadow of each nostro for real-time positionUpdated on every transaction; reconciled against external statement at EOD

Open Banking / PSD2 / FAPI 2.0

Hyperion-X implements a fully conformant Open Banking API surface aligned to the UK Open Banking Standard, EU PSD2 RTS on SCA, Berlin Group NextGenPSD2, and FAPI 2.0 security profile — enabling Third-Party Providers (TPPs) to initiate payments and access account information with robust consent governance.

TPP Roles Supported

RoleAbbreviationCapabilityRegulatory Basis
Account Information Service ProviderAISPRead balance, transactions, account detailsPSD2 Art. 67; UK OB Read/Write API
Payment Initiation Service ProviderPISPInitiate credit transfers from cardholder accountPSD2 Art. 66; UK OB Payment API
Card-Based Payment Instrument IssuerCBPIIConfirm funds availability for card paymentPSD2 Art. 65; UK OB Funds Confirmation

Consent Lifecycle

Consent States
AwaitingAuthorization — TPP created, PSU not yet approved
Authorised — PSU approved; token issued
Consumed — single-use payment consent used
Rejected — PSU declined or SCA failed
Revoked — PSU revoked via dashboard
Expired — consent TTL exceeded (max 90 days AIS)

FAPI 2.0 Security Profile

MechanismImplementation
Pushed Authorization Request (PAR)RFC 9126; authorization parameters POSTed to /as/par before redirect; request_uri returned
DPoP (Demonstrating Proof-of-Possession)RFC 9449; sender-constrained access tokens; token bound to TPP's key pair; replays rejected
JARM (JWT Authorization Response Mode)OIDF FAPI; authorization response as signed JWT; prevents CSRF and parameter tampering
PKCERFC 7636 S256 method; code challenge verified at token exchange
QWAC Certificate validationPSD2 eIDAS QWAC; TPP certificate extracted, validated against eIDAS TSL; role confirmed against NCA register
mTLS client authenticationRFC 8705; TPP certificate bound to access token; cnf claim verified on each API call

SCA & Exemptions

Transaction Risk Analysis (TRA) Low-value (<€30) Trusted beneficiary Recurring same-amount Corporate / B2B exemption Secure corporate payment process Fallback SCA on exemption rejection

Fraud Detection & Risk Management

The fraud engine runs inline on the authorization hot-path and returns a score within 2–5 ms. It combines rule-based velocity checks, ML scoring, and graph analytics — each independently actionable or combined via a configurable decision policy.

Scoring Architecture

LayerMethodLatencyOutput
Rules engineVelocity rules: txn count, amount, geography, MCC, time-of-day; threshold-based< 0.5 msBLOCK / ALLOW / CHALLENGE
ML scoringIsolation forest + gradient boosting; 150+ features; retrained weekly on 90-day rolling window2–5 msScore 0.0–1.0 + top-3 features
Graph analyticsEntity relationship graph; ring detection, mule network scoring, shared-device clusters5–15 ms (async enrichment)Risk flags + entity links
3DS decisionRisk-based authentication decision for ecommerce; SCA exemption or challenge1 msChallenge / Frictionless / Block

Feature Engineering (ML Model Inputs — Selected)

Transaction Features

Amount (raw + log-scaled) MCC category Channel (POS / CNP / ATM) Time-of-day + day-of-week Currency match (card vs merchant) CVV / AVS match result 3DS authentication outcome

Velocity Features (rolling windows)

Txn count (1h / 24h / 7d) Unique merchants (24h) Unique countries (7d) Declined count (1h) Average amount delta (7d) Cross-channel switch frequency

Device & Network Features

IP geolocation vs billing address IP type (proxy / VPN / Tor) Device fingerprint Browser/OS velocity Shipping address match

Account & Cardholder Features

Account age Historical fraud rate Chargeback history Spending pattern shift score Enrolment date (wallet / 3DS)

Model Governance

ProcessDetail
Training cadenceWeekly retraining on 90-day rolling window; nightly feature store refresh
Champion/challengerShadow model scores every transaction; challenger promoted when AUC ≥ champion + 0.5% over 14-day evaluation period
Drift detectionPopulation Stability Index (PSI) monitored daily; alert if PSI > 0.2; emergency retrain triggered at PSI > 0.25
ExplainabilitySHAP values stored per scored transaction for regulator and ops review; top-3 features surfaced in dispute evidence
False positive monitoringFalse positive rate tracked daily per segment; automatic threshold relaxation if FPR exceeds SLA

AML & Sanctions

Sanctions screeningOFAC SDN, UN Consolidated, EU, HMT, AUSTRAC lists; real-time match on name, BIC, account number
Fuzzy matchingLevenshtein + Jaro-Winkler; configurable threshold; phonetic matching for name variants
STR workflowSuspicious transaction flagged → compliance queue → 30-day FIU submission deadline enforced
FATF Travel RuleIVMS101 v1.0 originator/beneficiary data attached to transfers ≥ $1,000; VASP-to-VASP submission
PEP screeningPolitically Exposed Persons database; enhanced due diligence trigger on match
Adverse mediaConfigurable external feed integration; entity flagged for compliance review on hit

Operations, Monitoring & Key Management

Observability Stack

LayerTechnologyKey Signals
MetricsPrometheus + GrafanaTPS, latency histograms (p50/p95/p99), error rate, queue depth, circuit breaker state
Distributed tracingOpenTelemetry (W3C traceparent)End-to-end trace per transaction across all services; sampled at 100% for errors, 1% for success
Log aggregationLoki / ELK / SplunkStructured JSON logs; PAN masked; trace ID correlation; CEF format for SIEM
AlertingAlertmanager + PagerDuty Events API v2SLO breach, circuit breaker open, HSM offline, scheme link down, fraud spike
SLA dashboardGrafana (pre-built dashboards included)Real-time SLA compliance gauge per service; historical trend; SLO burn rate

Incident Severity Matrix

SeverityCriteriaResponse TimeEscalation
SEV-1Complete payment processing outage; scheme link down; HSM offlineOncall paged immediately; 15-min bridgeEngineering lead + CTO at 30 min
SEV-2Degraded TPS (>20% drop); p99 > 500ms; error rate > 1%Oncall paged; 30-min SLA to stabilizeEngineering lead at 1 hour
SEV-3Non-critical service degraded; single region affected; partial feature unavailableSlack alert; business hours responseTeam lead notified
SEV-4Monitoring gap; non-customer-facing issue; cosmetic bugTicket created; next sprintNone

Key Management Operations

OperationFrequencyProcess
ZMK ceremonyAnnually or on compromise2-of-3 key custodian quorum; physical HSM ceremony; dual control; no single person sees full key
ZPK rotationPer scheme requirement (typically annually)Online key exchange using existing ZMK; automated via HSM API; zero-downtime rotation
Session key expiryConfigurable TTL (default 8h)Auto-expiry; new session keys derived on sign-on; KCV verified before use
TLS certificate rotation90-day (Let's Encrypt) or annual (commercial CA)Automated via cert-manager (K8s) or manual playbook; staged rollout; rollback procedure documented
mTLS client certs1-year validity; 30-day renewal windowAutomated renewal + push to dependent services; old cert kept valid for 7-day grace
PQC key materialPer-session (ML-KEM encapsulation)New keypair per TLS session; no persistent key material; forward secrecy guaranteed

Backup & Recovery

PostgreSQL continuous backupWAL archiving to object storage (S3/GCS); point-in-time recovery to any second
Snapshot backupFull database snapshot every 4 hours; 30-day retention; tested monthly via restore drill
HSM key backupEncrypted key components stored in tamper-evident envelopes; geographically distributed custodians
Config-as-codeAll system configuration in git; apply via CI pipeline; no manual prod config changes
Restore drillMonthly automated restore test to isolated environment; RTO/RPO verified against SLA
Chaos scheduleWeekly chaos injection (HSM failure, network partition, DB exhaustion) in staging environment

Conceptual Data Model

Key entities and their relationships. All entities carry a UUID7 primary key, tenant_id for multi-tenant isolation, and created_at / updated_at timestamps. The ledger entities are append-only; no ledger record is ever updated in place.

Core Entities

EntityKey FieldsRelationships
Tenanttenant_id, name, config, tierRoot of all multi-tenant data; 1:N to every entity below
Cardholdercardholder_id, eKYC status, tier, risk score1:N Cards; 1:N Accounts; 1:N Consents
Cardcard_id, BIN, PAN token, expiry, status, product_config_idN:1 Cardholder; N:1 CardProduct; 1:N Tokens; 1:N Transactions
CardProductproduct_id, scheme, BIN range, credit_limit, interchange_categoryN:1 BINSponsor; 1:N Cards
Tokentoken_id, token_value, scope, wallet_type, status, expiryN:1 Card; N:1 TokenRequestor
Transactionpayment_id, MTI, amount, currency, status, rail, risk_score, stan, rrnN:1 Card; N:1 Merchant; 1:1 AuthorizationResult; 1:1 Settlement; 1:N LedgerEntries
AuthorizationResultauth_id, response_code, ARQC, ARPC, approval_code, latency_ms1:1 Transaction
LedgerEntryentry_id, debit/credit, account_id, amount, currency, memo, idempotency_keyN:1 Transaction; N:1 Account; append-only
Accountaccount_id, type (nostro/vostro/float/settlement), currency, balanceN:1 Tenant; 1:N LedgerEntries
Merchantmerchant_id, MID, MCC, status, risk_tier, settlement_config1:N Terminals; 1:N Transactions; 1:N Disputes
Terminalterminal_id, TID, type (POS/MPOS/SoftPOS/Virtual), firmware_version, key_versionN:1 Merchant; 1:N Transactions
Agentagent_id, tier, parent_agent_id, float_account_id, status, geoSelf-referential hierarchy; 1:N AgentTransactions; 1:N Commissions
Disputedispute_id, reason_code, stage, deadline, outcome, evidence_refsN:1 Transaction; N:1 Merchant; 1:N DisputeEvents
Consentconsent_id, scope, tpp_id, psu_id, status, expiry, permissionsN:1 Cardholder; N:1 TPP; 1:N ConsentEvents
SettlementPositionposition_id, window, rail, currency, net_amount, statusN:1 Account; 1:N Transactions in window

Ledger Invariants (TLA+ proven)

Conservation: The sum of all debit entries equals the sum of all credit entries across all accounts at every point in time. Verified by ledger_double_entry.tla model checking across all reachable states.
No negative balance without explicit overdraft facility Each transaction maps to exactly one authorization result No ledger entry modifiable after commit (append-only) Idempotency key unique per tenant per TTL window Settlement position = sum of all transaction amounts in window

Webhook & Event Catalog

All platform events conform to the CloudEvents v1.0 specification. Events are delivered via webhooks (HTTPS POST with HMAC-SHA256 X-Hyperion-Signature), Kafka topics, and the SSE stream at /v1/events/stream. Every event carries a UUID7 id, tenant_id, W3C traceparent, and monotonic sequence for gap detection.

Payment Events

Event TypeTriggerKey Payload Fields
payment.authorizedAuthorization approved (response code 00)payment_id, amount, currency, card_token, merchant_id, rail, risk_score, approval_code
payment.declinedAuthorization declined (any non-00 response)payment_id, amount, currency, response_code, decline_reason, risk_score
payment.reversedReversal processed (MTI 0400 / 0420)payment_id, original_payment_id, amount, reason_code
payment.refundedRefund credit posted to cardholderpayment_id, refund_id, amount, currency, merchant_id
payment.capturedPre-auth capture completedpayment_id, original_auth_id, captured_amount, tip_amount
payment.expiredPre-authorization expired without capturepayment_id, authorized_amount, expired_at
payment.saga.compensatedSaga compensation completed after downstream failurepayment_id, saga_id, compensation_steps, final_state

Card & Token Events

Event TypeTrigger
card.issuedNew card created; ready for embossing or virtual use
card.activatedCard activated by cardholder
card.suspendedCard suspended (fraud hold, cardholder request)
card.cancelledCard permanently cancelled
card.renewedCard renewed; new expiry; tokens auto-updated
token.provisionedNetwork token provisioned to wallet
token.activatedToken activated and available for payment
token.suspendedToken suspended; associated card payments still accepted
token.deletedToken permanently deleted from wallet

Dispute & Settlement Events

Event TypeTrigger
dispute.openedChargeback initiated by issuer or cardholder claim accepted
dispute.representment_dueAcquirer representment deadline T-7 days
dispute.resolvedDispute closed (won / lost / accepted)
settlement.window_openedNew settlement window started
settlement.window_closedSettlement window closed; netting complete
settlement.fundedMerchant account credited with settled funds
liquidity.low_float_alertAgent or nostro account below threshold
liquidity.sweep_executedAuto-sweep rule triggered and transfer initiated

Compliance & Risk Events

Event TypeTrigger
fraud.alertML score ≥ configured threshold; transaction flagged for review
fraud.blockedTransaction blocked by fraud engine; cardholder not contacted
aml.str_filedSuspicious Transaction Report submitted to FIU
aml.sanctions_matchSanctions screen hit; transaction blocked; compliance notified
kyc.approvedeKYC process passed; account tier upgraded
kyc.rejectedeKYC failed; account restricted
consent.authorisedPSU approved Open Banking consent
consent.revokedPSU revoked consent; TPP access immediately terminated

Webhook Delivery Guarantees

At-least-once delivery with idempotency key (X-Hyperion-Event-ID) for deduplication. Retry schedule: immediate → 30s → 2min → 10min → 30min → 2h → 6h (7 attempts). Undeliverable after 7 attempts routed to DLQ for manual replay. Delivery rate SLO: 99.9%.

Migrating from a Legacy Payment Switch

Legacy switch migrations fail when they are treated as big-bang cutovers. Hyperion-X is designed for a phased, risk-minimized migration that runs the new and old systems in parallel until confidence is established.

Migration Phases

PhaseDurationWhat HappensRollback Risk
1. Shadow mode2–4 weeksHyperion-X receives a mirrored copy of live traffic. Processes, scores, and logs — but does not respond to terminals. Output compared against legacy for discrepancy analysis.Zero — legacy still authoritative
2. Pilot rail4–8 weeksOne transaction type (e.g., domestic debit POS) routed through Hyperion-X for real. Legacy handles all other types. Monitoring gates: error rate, latency SLO, reconciliation match.Instant re-route to legacy if gate fails
3. Progressive cutover4–12 weeksTransaction types and volumes progressively shifted to Hyperion-X (10% → 25% → 50% → 100%) per rail. Each increment requires 48-hour stability window before proceeding.Traffic weight adjustable in < 30 seconds
4. Legacy decommission4–8 weeksLegacy switch kept warm (signed on, zero traffic) for 30 days as fallback. Decommissioned after 30 clean days. Keys and HSM configuration securely archived.Warm legacy can take traffic within 60 seconds

ISO 20022 CBPR+ Migration

SWIFT CBPR+ deadline: November 2025. All cross-border payments must use ISO 20022 MX format. Hyperion-X ships a MT→MX converter covering MT103→pacs.008, MT202→pacs.009, MT940/950→camt.053. The converter is lossy in one direction only: MX carries more data than MT; truncated fields are flagged and require enrichment from source system.

Data Migration Checklist

Card data migrationPAN tokenization in legacy; tokens imported into Hyperion-X vault; no re-issuance required
Key ceremonyNew ZMK/ZPK hierarchy established; legacy keys kept active in parallel during shadow period
Merchant registryMID/TID data exported from legacy; imported via bulk API; scheme re-registration where required
Transaction historyBulk import of 24-month transaction history for fraud model baseline; velocity counters seeded
Agent networkAgent hierarchy and float balances migrated via API; zero float loss guaranteed via atomic transfer
Standing orders / mandatesRecurring payment schedules migrated; mandate references preserved for dispute evidence

Integration Prerequisites

RequirementDetail
Scheme BIN range transferBIN ranges re-registered under new acquirer/issuer BIN; ~4–8 weeks scheme lead time
HSM provisioningNew HSM rack installed and PCI PTS certified before key ceremony
Network connectivityScheme dedicated line provisioned; 6–12 weeks telco lead time (plan accordingly)
Core banking integrationREST or ISO 20022 adapter between Hyperion-X and CBS; ledger dual-posting during parallel run
Fraud model baseline24 months of transaction history required for ML model cold start; provided via bulk upload API

Technical Glossary

Key terms used in this document and in conversations with Hyperion-X technical teams.

Payment Messaging

TermDefinition
ISO 8583International standard for card transaction messaging. Defines message format (MTI, bitmap, data elements) used between POS terminals, acquirers, switches, and issuers.
ISO 20022Financial messaging standard used for real-time payments, SWIFT cross-border transfers, SEPA, and correspondent banking. Uses XML/JSON with rich structured data vs ISO 8583's fixed field format.
MTIMessage Type Indicator. 4-digit code in ISO 8583 identifying the version, class (financial/network), function (request/response), and origin of a message. E.g., 0200 = financial transaction request.
STANSystem Trace Audit Number. 6-digit number assigned by the originating system; used to match requests to responses within a processing day.
RRNRetrieval Reference Number. 12-character reference assigned by the acquirer; used for transaction retrieval and dispute referencing.
UETRUnique End-to-End Transaction Reference. UUID assigned to each ISO 20022 payment; tracks the transaction across all correspondent hops in the SWIFT network.
pacsPayment Clearing and Settlement — the ISO 20022 message family for payment processing (pacs.008 = credit transfer, pacs.004 = return, etc.).
camtCash Management — the ISO 20022 message family for account statements, balance reports, and notifications.
CBPR+Cross-Border Payments and Reporting Plus. SWIFT's implementation guidelines for ISO 20022 cross-border payments, mandatory from November 2025.

Cryptography & Security

TermDefinition
ZMKZone Master Key. Top-level symmetric key used to encrypt other keys (ZPK) for secure transport between HSMs. Never used directly for transaction processing.
ZPKZone PIN Key. Symmetric key used to encrypt PIN blocks for transport between terminal and issuer host. Encrypted under ZMK for storage and transport.
KCVKey Check Value. A 3-byte value (first 3 bytes of encrypting a block of zeros with the key) used to verify key integrity without revealing the key itself.
DUKPTDerived Unique Key Per Transaction. A key management scheme where each transaction uses a unique derived key; compromise of one transaction key reveals nothing about others.
HSMHardware Security Module. Tamper-resistant physical device that generates, stores, and uses cryptographic keys. Keys never leave the HSM in plaintext.
ML-KEMModule-Lattice-based Key Encapsulation Mechanism. NIST FIPS 203 post-quantum standard replacing RSA/ECDH for key exchange.
ML-DSAModule-Lattice-based Digital Signature Algorithm. NIST FIPS 204 post-quantum standard replacing ECDSA/RSA for digital signatures.
P2PEPoint-to-Point Encryption. PCI standard for encrypting card data from the moment of swipe/tap until decryption in a secure environment, preventing card data from being exposed at the terminal.
TEETrusted Execution Environment. Hardware-isolated compute environment (e.g., ARM TrustZone, Intel TDX) where code and data are protected from the host OS and hypervisor.

Card & Transaction Processing

TermDefinition
BINBank Identification Number. First 6–8 digits of a card PAN that identify the issuing institution, card product, and network.
PANPrimary Account Number. The full card number (typically 16 digits). Considered sensitive cardholder data under PCI DSS; must be stored encrypted or as a token.
ARQCApplication Request Cryptogram. A cryptogram generated by an EMV chip card during online authorization to prove the card is present and authentic.
ARPCApplication Response Cryptogram. Generated by the issuer to prove to the card that the issuer is legitimate; prevents offline PIN relay attacks.
EMVEuropay, Mastercard, Visa. Global standard for chip card transactions. Defines the application selection, cardholder verification, and authorization protocol for contact and contactless cards.
SCAStrong Customer Authentication. PSD2 requirement to authenticate payments using at least two of: something you know (PIN), something you have (device/card), something you are (biometric).
MCCMerchant Category Code. 4-digit ISO 18245 code classifying the merchant's business type. Used for interchange calculation, fraud rules, rewards multipliers, and regulatory reporting.
MDRMerchant Discount Rate. The fee charged to the merchant for accepting card payments, typically expressed as a percentage of transaction value. Covers interchange, scheme fees, and acquirer margin.
InterchangeThe fee paid by the acquirer to the issuer on each card transaction. Set by card schemes based on card type, MCC, channel, and geography.
DCCDynamic Currency Conversion. Service allowing a cardholder to pay in their home currency at a foreign merchant; the exchange rate (with margin) is shown at the point of sale.
TAVVToken Authentication Verification Value. A cryptogram generated for network token transactions (Visa) proving the token is being used by the authorised device.
Floor limitMaximum transaction amount that a terminal can approve offline without online authorization. Above the floor limit, online authorization is required.
ChargebackA forced transaction reversal initiated by the cardholder's issuer through the card scheme. The acquirer and merchant must dispute or accept the chargeback within scheme deadlines.

Settlement & Treasury

TermDefinition
Nostro"Our account at your bank." An account held by a domestic bank at a foreign correspondent bank, used to facilitate foreign currency settlements.
Vostro"Your account at our bank." The correspondent's account held at our institution; the vostro of one bank is the nostro of the other.
Multilateral nettingA process where multiple bilateral obligations between participants are netted to a single net position per participant, dramatically reducing the number of actual fund movements required.
T+0 / T+1 / T+2Settlement timing conventions. T+0 means funds settle on the same day as the transaction; T+1 means the following business day; T+2 means two business days later.
FloatIn agency banking: the electronic money balance held by an agent, used to fulfill cash-out requests and fund cash-in credits. Not to be confused with float in general finance.
CRDTConflict-free Replicated Data Type. A data structure designed so that replicas can be updated independently and merged without coordination or conflict, enabling multi-region active-active replication.

Compliance & Regulatory

TermDefinition
PCI DSSPayment Card Industry Data Security Standard. A set of security requirements for organisations that store, process, or transmit cardholder data. v4.0.1 is the current version.
FAPI 2.0Financial-grade API. An OpenID Foundation profile of OAuth 2.0 / OIDC with additional security requirements (PAR, DPoP, JARM) for high-value financial API access.
PSD2EU Payment Services Directive 2. Mandates Open Banking access, SCA for electronic payments, and licensing of third-party payment service providers (TPPs).
FATFFinancial Action Task Force. Inter-governmental body that sets global AML/CFT standards, including the Travel Rule for wire transfers and virtual asset transfers.
STRSuspicious Transaction Report. A mandatory report filed with the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) when a financial institution suspects a transaction involves money laundering or terrorism financing.
KYC / KYBKnow Your Customer / Know Your Business. Due diligence processes to verify the identity of individual customers (KYC) or business clients (KYB) before onboarding.
TLA+A formal specification language for describing and model-checking concurrent and distributed systems. Used in Hyperion-X to mathematically prove correctness of critical state machines.
QWACQualified Website Authentication Certificate. An eIDAS-defined certificate for PSD2 TPP identification; must be issued by a Qualified Trust Service Provider (QTSP) and include PSD2 role claims.

Frequently Asked Questions

What programming language is Hyperion-X written in?

The v1.0 platform is Python 3.11+ throughout — async via asyncio, typed with Pydantic v2, served via FastAPI. The v1.1 Rust hot-path replaces the data-plane authorization core for 50k TPS targets while preserving the Python control plane.

How does it handle idempotency?

Every payment request carries a payment_id (UUID7). The idempotency gate acquires a distributed lock (Redis or PostgreSQL advisory lock) before processing; duplicate submissions within the TTL window return the cached result without re-processing. The TLA+ spec idempotency_protocol.tla formally proves no double-processing is possible.

What happens if the HSM fails?

The system fails closed, not open — authorizations requiring HSM-backed cryptography reject with a safe decline code rather than bypassing security. SIEM emits a critical alert. No PIN or key material is exposed in error responses. This behavior is CI-tested in test_hsm_failure.py (chaos scenario).

How is multi-tenancy enforced?

Every database query requires an explicit tenant_id parameter — enforced at the repository method signature level. Cross-tenant data access is prevented at the application layer, with PostgreSQL row-level security as a defence-in-depth backstop.

How does the platform scale horizontally?

Data-plane workers are stateless; they scale horizontally behind a load balancer. Session state (idempotency tokens, rate limit counters) lives in Redis. The ledger and settlement engine use PostgreSQL with read replicas. Kafka provides backpressure-managed buffering between ingress and processing tiers.

What is the migration path from a legacy ISO 8583 switch?

Hyperion-X supports a shadow-processing deployment where it receives a mirrored copy of live traffic, processes it, and logs discrepancies — without affecting production. Once confidence is established (typically 2–4 weeks), traffic is cut over. The built-in MT→MX converter and CBPR+ validator support parallel ISO 20022 migration.

Is the platform certified against Visa / Mastercard?

The platform ships a certification test harness covering Visa ADVT and Mastercard MPE test cases. Full scheme certification requires a formal engagement with each network; the harness significantly reduces the certification timeline by running the required test cases in-house before submission.

How is sensitive data handled (PAN, PIN, CVV)?

PANs are truncated/masked in all logs. PIN blocks are processed exclusively within HSM boundaries — the clear PIN never touches application memory. CVV2 values are verified and immediately discarded; never stored. PAN storage uses format-preserving encryption (FF3-1). All handling is gated by automated PCI DSS evidence tests.

What observability is included?

Prometheus metrics on every service (request count, latency histograms, error rates). OpenTelemetry distributed tracing with W3C traceparent propagation across all payment path hops. SIEM export in CEF format to Splunk HEC. SLA breach alerts in PagerDuty Events API v2 format. Grafana dashboards included.

What is the disaster recovery posture?

Multi-region active-active with CRDT state replication gives RPO = 0 for committed transactions. Geo-failover completes within 30 seconds (formally proven by geo_failover_fsm.tla). PostgreSQL hot standby provides HA within a single region. Backup snapshots to object storage every 15 minutes.